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Karina Sainz Borgo: «Cuánto sabe de salado el pan ajeno» – América 2.1
Andrea Marcolongo
Es la palabra maldita. Se les hace una bola de trapo en la boca. No acaban de entenderla, de frasearla, de cortarla en pedacitos. Mi-gra-ción. Si hasta parece hecha de pólvora, porque estalla siempre de la peor forma, entre la sopa boba buenista y el rancio esputo de la xenofobia. Cada vez que algún líder político la mienta es para arrojársela a otro. No para pensarla. Y siempre pasa lo mismo: cuando remiten las crisis de cayucos, la guardan en el armario, bien escondida, esperando a que se enquiste ella solita, que se endurezca esa pelota de ideas confusas y apocalípticas: violaciones, machetazos, abuso, el miedo a los que vienen a por lo nuestro como en las páginas de ‘Esperando a los bárbaros’, esa parábola del Apartheid con la que Coetzee retrató el más potente de los terrores humanos: el miedo al otro.
A la inmigración siempre se la ensarta con la lanza de la tribu, se la exhibe como una oreja amputada o una insignia de combate. La migración es una política de Estado, no una pedrada contra un grupo político. Ahí han quedado los 37 cadáveres en el asalto a la valla de Melilla del año pasado que el Gobierno de Pedro Sánchez repelió usando a los gendarmes marroquíes, los mismos que arrastraron a cientos de jóvenes como a animales. Un muerto, cuando tiene nombre, cuesta más esconderlo. Por eso los migrantes caben debajo de cualquier alfombra y de cualquier bravuconada. La migración es, también, integración, construcción, trabajo, progreso y futuro, no ese Atapuerca que Santiago Abascal describe blandiendo una tibia . La frontera de la migración debería de ser algo más que la línea que separa a los vivos de los muertos, esa zanja en la que quedan los ahogados, los náufragos, los rechazados. En su indispensable libro ‘Etimología para sobrevivir al cao s’ (Taurus), Andrea Marcolongo usa la etimología, las raíces de la palabra migrante y la define (en parte) con una cita del tercer canto de La divina comedia, de Dante: «Comprobarás cuánto sabe de salado/ el pan ajeno, y qué duro camino/ es bajar y subir la escalera de otros» . Al encuadrarla en su origen y sus mutaciones, Marcolongo explica de qué forma la palabra migrar lleva consigo un sentido indefinido del cambio. Y también una carga muy precisa de pérdida, abandono y dolor. Marcolongo extrae lo sustancial y al mismo tiempo despliega los cambios que ha experimentado la palabra en su paso a las lenguas romances –emigrante, por ejemplo, en francés– hasta colocarla en manos de nuestro tiempo, a la manera de una advertencia intelectual y moral. La migración es movimiento, es cambio, es vida. De nosotros depende entenderla como una bocanada de aire fresco y no como el vapor de las calderas del infierno. Conviene recordar a Dante , recitar hacia adentro ese verso. «Comprobarás cuánto sabe de salado/ el pan ajeno, y qué duro camino/ es bajar y subir la escalera de otros». Por ahí pasa la única y verdadera comprensión del tema.
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