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Ricardo Bada: El secuestro del idioma – América 2.1
En los meses inmediatamente posteriores a la victoria de Alemania, el año 1974, en el campeonato mundial de fútbol, el apellido del capitán del once germano, Beckenbauer, era –o se consideraba– un insulto en los Países Bajos.
Ya recordarán que la final del 74 la jugaron los alemanes, en Múnich, contra “la naranja mecánica”, tal vez el mejor equipo europeo, y no sólo europeo, de las últimas décadas, y uno de los mejores de todos los tiempos, agrupado en torno al mítico Johann Cruijff y contando con individualidades de la categoría de Neeskens, Keizer, van Hanegem y el arquero Jongbloed, quien por cierto no escribía nada mal: lo documentó publicando sus recuerdos de aquél campeonato en uno de los más encopetados semanarios holandeses.
Ese 2:1 que supuso la derrota frente a los alemanes fue una espina clavada en el alma popular neerlandesa. Y se dio el caso de que en esas peleas que nunca faltan en las tabernas y las discotecas, ni siquiera en los tan civilizados Países Bajos, durante aquellos meses, ya digo, si alguien quería herir profundamente a alguien no le mentaba la madre sino que lo increpaba diciéndole insultantemente: “¡Eres un Beckenbauer! ”
Hasta la justicia tuvo que intervenir en la cuestión, y hay una sentencia de aquellos días que lo dice de un modo muy concreto: llamarle a alguien Beckenbauer con intención de insulto era efectivamente un insulto, y en cuanto que tal, materia procesable.
Prescindiendo de la anécdota como tal, que afortunadamente pertenece al pasado, ella nos revela otra faceta de lo que el escritor austríaco Erich Hackl llamaría algo así como “el secuestro del idioma” . Erich Hackl se atrevió a ponerle el cascabel al gato de la humillación que infligimos al idioma cuando aceptamos, en nombre de la corrección política, unos tabúes que nos impiden llamar gitanos a los gitanos, o negros a los negros, y que vuelven prohibitivo, o muy mal visto, el uso de determinadas palabras que son un bien común.
Puso el ejemplo de España, donde ya no se habla de negros ni de africanos sino, qué tierno, de subsaharianos, de habitantes al sur del desierto del Sáhara. O no se dice ya “raza” sino “etnia gitana” , con tendencia a desaparecer en favor de una expresión políticamente mucho más correcta: “colectivo gitano”.
Heidegger, persona a quien creo que se ha endiosado más de la cuenta, dijo alguna vez que vivimos en la casa del idioma. Pero ¿qué sucede cuando en ese hogar se empiezan a cerrar puertas, tapiar ventanas y clausurar habitaciones, como en Casa tomada , el cuento programático de Julio Cortázar?
Sucede que nos empobrecemos, sucede que puede llegar el día en que nos convirtamos en pordioseros lingüísticos. Como los soldados chilenos semianalfabetos que incautaban en las bibliotecas de sus víctimas (es decir: las de Pinochet) los libros sobre cubismo… pensando que eran libros sobre Cuba. Y no se rían, que el asunto es más serio de lo que parece.
Menos mal que pese a todo, y Erich Hackl lo relevó como importante, y lo es, la palabra “judío” ha logrado sobrevivir al anatema. Si esa palabra, como sustantivo o como adjetivo, fuese hoy políticamente incorrecta, Hitler habría ganado la batalla de su exterminio racial igual que el Cid ganaba las de su menester mercenario: después de muerto.
Pero ¡por los dioses todos! ¿qué acabo de decir? ¡soy de una incorrección política aterradora! ¡llamar mercenario a nadie menos que al Cid Campeador! Mea culpa, mea culpa, mea gravisima culpa! Y ustedes perdonen.
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