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Andrés Hoyos: Citizen Trump – América 2.1 Hace poco durante un viaje a Lima volví a ver Citizen Kane, la magistral película de Orson Welles, y no pude dejar de advertir la semejanza entre Charles Foster Kane y Donald Trump, quien acaba de convertirse en el candidato a la Presidencia de Estados Unidos por el Partido Republicano (también conocido como el Grand Old Party o GOP).
Hasta ahora, Trump la ha tenido relativamente fácil. Debió lidiar con una camada de rivales grises y mediocres. Ya lo dije antes: no creo que pueda vencer a Hillary Clinton en noviembre, lo que no significa que no haya desatado un fenómeno sumamente revelador.
Lo primero que conviene entender es que Trump no es en realidad el candidato del GOP, sino de un grupo grande de americanos de clase media, resentidos, xenófobos, desilusionados e incluso criptorracistas, entre quienes predominan por mucho los hombres blancos maduros menos educados. Aunque este grupo ha votado en el pasado por el GOP, ahora sabemos que no lo hizo por las razones ideológicas que se pensaban, sino por las más turbias que ha sacado a relucir Trump. La frustración del grupo aumenta cuando recuerdan que cada vez están más lejos de ser la mayoría del país.
Trump necesita algo que ni siquiera Kane consideraba viable: contagiar su resentimiento y lograr que la gente vote masivamente por una persona que te desprecia, pero que de repente te sonríe y te da una palmadita en la espalda. Trump necesita que la gente confíe tanto en la fuerza de su imagen, que la sustancia del mensaje importe un bledo. Es una apuesta muy arriesgada, porque como decía alguien, equivale a que los pollos voten por el dueño del asadero.
Más que conservadores, los partidarios de Trump son, repito, resentidos. El genio del hombre consiste en haber ejercido de flautista de Hamelín para que salieran de sus madrigueras y lo siguieran. Otro cantar es si puede llevarlos a la Casa Blanca. La abrumadora lógica de la sociología diría que no.
Los republicanos ahora se ven confrontados con el monstruo que incubaron, alimentaron y al final dejaron libre. En un lado de la balanza está la elección de noviembre de 2016, en extremo difícil de ganar, en el otro la 2020, para no hablar de las de 2024 en adelante. Perder la primera les resultaría doloroso, mas no fatal; perder las que siguen constituiría una debacle porque por el camino ser irían erosionando hasta desaparecer las amplias mayorías parlamentarias con las que hoy cuenta el GOP.
La que viene será una contienda entre la apariencia y la realidad, Trump haciendo las veces de malabarista de las apariencias y Hillary Clinton representando la ruda y no siempre seductora realidad. ¿Le comprarán todos esos millones de personas la pócima mágica a Trump solo porque enhebra palabras con gran convicción? Vendrá noviembre y lo sabremos.
Como de costumbre, un factor crucial serán los indecisos. Esta vez, sin embargo, otro factor juega: el establecimiento conservador no se siente representado por Trump y lo considera un grave peligro para su futuro. Así que, de apoyarlo, lo hará con gran reserva, como si estuviera apestado. Habrá, pues, un candidato sin partido y un partido sin candidato.
Hillary Clinton tiene la gran oportunidad de superar sus indiscutibles hándicaps y ganar en noviembre. No está obligada a hacer maravillas; apenas necesita no cometer errores garrafales. Cuenta en su haber con lo que le enseñó la derrota de 2008 y debe entender y administrar sus debilidades. Ya veremos si lo logra.
andreshoyos@elmalpensante.com, @andrewholes
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