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Ciberbrutalidad – América 2.1 Empieza con los peores augurios un año que algunos anuncian ya como el del inicio de una nueva guerra fría. O incluso dos. Putin compite con Trump en proyectos de armas de largo alcance indestructibles y Trump compite con Xi en una escalada de represalias comerciales de efectos letales sobre la economía global.
La guerra fría, si acaso tiene lugar, también se dará en el ciberespacio. Incluso es posible que se dé entera en el ciberespacio, donde suele difuminarse la propia noción de guerra. Habrá que hacerse alguna idea de cómo puede ser un mundo global dividido por nuevos telones de acero y muros de Berlín digitales, que replicarán los que se construyeron entre 1945 y 1989.
Dos investigadores de la Universidad de Southampton, Kieron O’Hara y Wendy Hall, acaban de publicar un paper (Cuatro Internets. La geopolítica de la gobernanza digital), en el que explican cómo la fragmentación de Internet ya es una realidad que se está acomodando a cuatro modelos de inquietante y bien lógica coincidencia con los sistemas y las ideas políticas.
El modelo original es el abierto, surgido en la costa Oeste de EE UU de una filosofía política libertaria y liberadora, confiada en los beneficios de la transparencia y de la autorregulación por la acción libre y el acceso gratuito de quienes participan. El modelo europeo de regulación intenta resolver los inconvenientes de la apertura, como son los contenidos delictivos, los atentados a la propiedad intelectual o las interferencias en procesos electorales. Un tercer modelo, comercial y promovido desde el Congreso de EE UU, de inspiración republicana e incluso trumpista, combate la exigencia de neutralidad de las empresas tecnológicas en la Red y favorece la concentración y los monopolios.
Quien ha definido mejor el cuarto modelo, y en una sola frase, es el enviado especial del diario Le Monde a Kinshasa para cubrir las elecciones celebradas el pasado domingo: “La ciberbrutalidad se instala”. Cuando algo no interesa se corta. El ciberespacio proporciona también una nueva arma: la interrupción y el bloqueo. Y eso es lo que hacen siempre los regímenes autoritarios cuando las cosas no funcionan a su gusto, como está sucediendo en la República Democrática del Congo, a la espera de un escrutinio de las urnas tan accidentado e increíble como las propias elecciones, celebradas dos años más tarde de la cuenta y con más incidentes graves que normalidad. Este es el modelo autoritario, conocido en Rusia o en Arabia Saudí, perfeccionado en China y con admiradores en todos los continentes.
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Excelente articulo.