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Florencia, y sus «buchette» de vino… – América 2.1 Cada país, cada región, cada ciudad, ha buscado cómo adaptarse mejor a estos horrorosos tiempos de pandemia. Algunos, de forma ingeniosa, han encontrado soluciones en su pasado, como es el caso de la legendaria y hermosa Florencia.
En esta ciudad emblemática de la Toscana, la nueva forma de beber vino es una de las más antiguas; a través de la «buchetta » (ventana) del vino:
¿Cuándo surgieron? Estas hendiduras o grietas comenzaron a abrirse en las paredes de los palacios nobles en el siglo XVII a raíz de la crisis comercial en Florencia; entonces las autoridades otorgaron a las familias propietarias de viñas complementar sus ingresos con la venta minorista de vino .
Estas ventanas se situaban a la altura del codo, rodeadas por piedra y con forma de tabernáculo.
Al anochecer, aquellos que habían tenido una ardua jornada de trabajo podrían llamar al robusto postigo de madera y arrojar algunos florines para obtener una generosa dosis del vino de la casa , servida por un trabajador en el otro lado.
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Cuando la peste asoló la ciudad en dicho siglo XVII, una forma de mantener el «distanciamiento social » fue promover aún más el uso de estas ventanas del vino. Los ciudadanos compraban una botella, una copa de vino, o alguna vianda, y desde dentro, luego de darles los productos, les pasaban un pequeño cuenco con vinagre, donde se colocaban las monedas con el fin de desinfectarlas.
El primer documento escrito que habla de estos dispensadores de vino data de 1634, año en el que el académico florentino Francesco Rondinelli elabora un «informe de contagio « sobre la epidemia de peste, donde describe la eficacia anticontagio de las buchette .
Se cree que la última ventana del vino operativa fue la del palacio Gondi, que funcionó hasta 1958 , según la historiadora del arte Diletta Corsini.
Por el momento, se han documentado 173 dispensadores de vino en la capital de la Toscana , las cuales se han restaurado e identificado con placas informativas. También se ha creado un mapa interactivo en el que es posible identificar las diferentes ventanas de Florencia.
La implicación de la ciudadanía italiana en la búsqueda de estos curiosos dispensadores de vino ha facilitado el descubrimiento de ventanas en otras localidades de la región, como Pistoia y Faenza , e incluso en otras zonas, como en el Piamonte , al norte de Italia.
Una joven toma una copa de vino a través de una ‘buchetta del vino’ / BUCHETTEDELVINO.ORG
Hoy, con una caída de la industria hostelera del más del 80%, las «buchette» cumplen de nuevo su vieja función: en el siglo XVII fue la peste, hoy es el coronavirus. Ahora los comercios florentinos han reavivado esta costumbre adaptándola a los nuevos tiempos : a través de las buchette se pueden comprar desde helados de la famosa heladería Vívoli, hasta aperol spritz en la animada Piazza Santo Spirito o comida para llevar del restaurante Babae.
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