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Un historiador halla el carné de reportero de la Guerra Civil del autor de ‘El Principito’ – América 2.1 Tarjeta de prensa usada por el escritor y aviador francés Antoine de Saint-Exupéry durante la Guerra Civil española . AFP
Antoine de Saint-Exupéry se acreditó como periodista en 1937 para cubrir la contienda entre republicanos y nacionales
El carné de reportero de la Guerra Civil española del escritor y aviador Antoine de Saint-Exupéry , autor del clásico de literatura infantil El Principito , ha sido descubierto por el investigador Policarpo Sánchez en el Archivo General de la Guerra Civil Española, ubicado en Salamanca. Saint-Exupéry, que nació en Lyon en 1900 y falleció en 1944 mientras pilotaba un avión francés, cubrió la contienda entre republicanos y nacionales para varios periódicos franceses, L’Intransigeant y Paris-Soir . «Su pase de prensa no estaba identificado hasta ahora porque no se almacenaba en la misma caja que la de otras grandes personalidades que vinieron a España en esos años, como el escritor Ernest Hemingway o los fotógrafos Robert Capa y Gerda Taro» , explica María José Turrión, subdirectora del archivo. La noticia fue adelantada el domingo por el diario Abc .
La acreditación como periodista del escritor francés fue emitida el 16 de abril de 1937 por la Secretaría de Propaganda de la Junta Delegada de la Defensa de Madrid. En ese año, las tropas republicanas de la capital se defendían de los ataques del ejército nacional, divididos en dos cuerpos comandados por el dictador Francisco Franco y el militar Emilio Mola. Como Saint-Exupéry, todos los informadores que trabajaban en territorio republicano eran obligados a inscribirse en este departamento.
Cuando las tropas golpistas conquistaron Madrid todos los documentos republicanos encontrados fueron enviados en cajas a Salamanca. «No es tan raro que el carné de Saint-Exupéry aparezca en otro sitio porque está todo muy fragmentado y no hay series completas. Teníamos la caja principal identificada con los pases de escritores y periodistas. Es un documento que les daba la validez del Ministerio de Propaganda para poder actuar y moverse por el frente y realizar las fotografías y las piezas informativas», cuenta Turrión.
Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, en su carné de periodista para cubrir la guerra civil. AFP
El escritor francés llegó a España con 36 años y se inscribió como aviador y escritor, aunque una traducción errónea lo registró como «escribano y aviador » —la palabra francesa para escritor es «écrivain» —. Saint-Exupéry, según su carné de periodista, indicó que su dirección en Madrid era el Hotel Florida, donde también se alojaron los escritores norteamericanos Martha Gellhorn y Hemingway.
El documento de Saint-Exupéry se mantendrá, cuenta Turrión, en la misma caja en la que ha sido encontrado: «El tratamiento es el mismo: la ficha ya ha sido colgada en nuestra web con la descripción correspondiente».
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