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Irving Penn, más que moda – América 2.1
Grace Kelly
Irving Penn se convirtió en un mito con sus fotografías de moda, pero su trabajo con la cámara fue mucho más allá; retrató la naturaleza humana. Una gran retrospectiva homenajea su revolucionaria labor.
Penn es, junto con Richard Avedon y Helmut Newton, uno de los grandes retratistas de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Lo definen su elegancia y el respeto por los sujetos fotografiados.
Retratos sin fronteras
Penn no se limitó a fotografiar a famosos. A finales de los sesenta dejó Nueva York y viajó a Latinoamérica y África, con su estudio portátil, para fotografiar distintas etnias. A unos y otros se aproximaba como un retratista clásico.
Sin artificio ni complacencia
Alfred Hitchcock en 1947, tras el estreno de Encadenados («Notorious») , película protagonizada por Cary Grant e Ingrid Bergman. Hitchcock ya se había consagrado como director de cine. Penn -que tenía 30 años- logró con retratos como este, sin artificio, el reconocimiento internacional.
Ha nacido una estrella
Cuando posó para Penn, Truman Capote -con 24 años- acababa de publicar su novela inicial, Otras voces, otros ámbitos, una de las primeras en plantear abiertamente el tema de la homosexualidad. Lo volvió a fotografiar en 1965, cuando ya era una celebridad.
Menos es más
Marlene Dietrich en 1948. Penn se hizo pronto reconocible por sus elegantes retratos femeninos. El sujeto solía posar ante un sencillo fondo blanco o gris que él aprovechaba con su absoluto dominio de la luz de estudio. Su lema pronto fue «menos es más» .
Técnicas de pintor
Penn era capaz de dotar de elegancia a todos los personajes. Componía en su estudio como un pintor, como muestra esta imagen de un pescadero, de 1950. Luego, para imprimir, aplicaba el platino-paladio, una ‘lujosa ’ forma de procesar el material fotográfico con materiales nobles.
Un hombre a una cámara pegado
Nació en Nueva Jersey en 1917, hijo de un emigrante ruso, y estudió diseño en la Escuela de Artes del Museo de Filadelfia. Pronto se interesó por la fotografía, aunque al principio la intercalaba con la pintura.
Compró su primera cámara con lo que cobraba por los dibujos que hacía para revistas de moda.
Penn hablaba de sus cámaras como de sus Stradivarius. En 1950 se casó con la modelo Lisa Fonssagrives, con quien estuvo hasta que ella falleció, en 1992. Penn murió en 2009 en su casa de Manhattan, a los 92 años. Arriba, autorretrato en Cuzco en 1948.
Irving Penn , en el Gran Palais (París), hasta el 29 de enero de 2018.
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