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Jardines políticamente correctos – América 2.1
La Erythrina caffra perderá su negrura. Foto Orazio Puccio-Alami
Más de doscientas variedades de plantas, hongos y algas cambiarán de nombre a partir de 2026 tras la decisión adoptada por el Congreso Botánico Internacional, celebrado en Madrid, de podarles lo que se estima son alusiones ofensivas a su procedencia africana o exhalan un tufillo políticamente inaceptable.
La flor Erythrina caffra, por ejemplo, se llamará en adelante Erythrina affra, sin la connotación racista derivada del término kafir que se acuñó para referirse de manera despectiva a los nativos del Continente Negro.
También se revisarán las especies que de alguna manera rinden tributo a personajes vinculados al comercio esclavista; como George Hibbert, un empresario inglés del siglo 18 que dio nombre a la Hibbertia obtusifolia, un arbusto ornamental australiano de bellas flores amarillas primaverales.
George Hibbert
Decisiones radicales, sin duda, susceptibles de levantar la suficiente oposición entre un sector de los delegados como para obligar a la diplomática salida de instituir un comité que asumirá la tarea de bautizar las especies ya conocidas y las que aparezcan en el futuro conforme a criterios políticos correctos.
Es primera vez en que el concepto irrumpe en un evento de esta naturaleza (que tiene lugar cada seis o siete años) de la mano de un grupo de botánicos convencidos de que la revisión aplicada en otras actividades de la sociedad debería extenderse ahora a la taxonomía.
Dalia
Ojalá, cabría sugerir, a un ritmo moderado y con la sensatez necesaria para impedir las situaciones ridículas que los medios no cesan de registrar y devienen bumerans contra el sano objetivo reivindicativo que anima a los agentes de la corrección política.
Y es que en el caso de la botánica habría que rebautizar a primorosas criaturas que alegran los bosques y jardines del planeta, cuyo nombre estuvo asociado a un momento preciso de la historia, de difícil transposición a la actualidad; algunas veces, por cierto, envueltos en circunstancias dignas de la picaresca universal.
Strelitzia regina
Como las numerosas especies que honraron a sir Cecil Rhodes, símbolo como ningún otro de la implacable colonización británica del Africa Austral; la Strelitzia regina o ave del paraíso, en homenaje a la reina Carlota de Mecklemburgo-Strelitz, esposa del rey Jorge III, o la exitosa adulancia de un cortesano al bautizar una flor asiática en homenaje a Hortensia, la hijastra del emperador Napoleón, que le hizo merecedor a una jugosa recompensa.
Buganvilia Alexandra
Y parece injusta e incluso necia la propuesta de cesar el bautizo de las especies según su descubridor, como en el caso del abate Antonio José de Cavanilles, naturalista del siglo 18, director de los Jardines Reales de Madrid, que registró la dalia, flor nacional de México, para reconocer la extraordinaria labor de su colega, el sueco Andreas Dahl, o el homenaje que esparció por el mundo entero el nombre del explorador Louis Antoine de Bougainville, con las humildes y chispeantes buganvilias que llevó a Francia en alguna de sus expediciones y hoy día alegran prácticamente todos los rincones del planeta.
Varsovia, septiembre de 2024
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