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Ibsen Martínez: Historias mínimas y ‘grancolombianas’ – América 2.1
Los verdugos de Venezuela se dicen bolivarianos sin que, desde 1830, hayamos sabido nunca qué habrán querido decir con ello nuestros gobernantes
Durante el asueto de Semana Santa leí la Historia mínima de Colombia, del filósofo, historiador y jardinero antioqueño Jorge Orlando Melo, un logro mayor que la inteligencia colombiana saluda ya con respeto y entusiasmo. Será larga la andadura de este libro notable.
El canon de Historia de nuestra región esperaba hace largo tiempo por este título que Salomón Kalmanovitz llama “pequeña obra maestra” . Palabras de Héctor Abad Faciolince: “No solo es uno de esos libros que nos hacían falta, sino que es un libro al que casi nada le hace falta: en su brevedad, es exhaustivamente certero, neutro, completo”.
Mientras avanzaba en su lectura, pensé muchas veces en los tristes tópicos con los que en Venezuela, desde hace casi 200 años, se despacha la tarea —mejor dicho: el deber— insoslayable de entender al país vecino. El relato que entrega Melo del violento siglo XX colombiano, y de lo ya corrido del presente siglo, es autorizadamente persuasivo. Los capítulos dedicados a la Independencia y a esa “ilusión ilustrada” que fue la Gran Colombia son un conciso dechado de erudición, pertinencia y buen decir. ¡Cuánto bien no haría su difusión en la Venezuela actual cuyos verdugos se dicen bolivarianos sin que, desde 1830, hayamos sabido nunca qué habrán querido decir con ello nuestros gobernantes!
La garrulería de Hugo Chávez, locuaz chafarote del siglo XXI, impartió a millones de oyentes venezolanos, a todas horas y durante tres lustros, la sicotrópica quincalla del culto a Simón Bolívar. Muchos adversarios del chavismo han denunciado el uso politiquero, de agitación y propaganda, que el régimen instaurado por Chávez ha dado a la memoria de Bolívar. Para ser justos, el desaparecido Gran Charlatán de Sabaneta no ha sido el único.
En los cepalistas años sesenta, por ejemplo, Venezuela fue literalmente empapelada por la cámara de industriales con un Bolívar de un metro ochenta que, señalándote con el índice, como el Tío Sam en un afiche de reclutamiento, increpaba: “Yo la hice libre, hazla tú próspera: consume productos venezolanos, ¡dile no al contrabando!”.
La firma autógrafa al pie del afiche hacía pensar que la frase corría en alguna carta al doctor José Rafael Revenga. Con todo, ningún mandatario venezolano había ido tan lejos como lo hizo Chávez cuando en 2010 contrató a Philippe Froesch, artista francoalemán que se dedica a reconstruir el rostro de figuras históricas.
Froesch admite haber sido contratado por Chávez para obtener, con tecnología digna de la serie CSI: Cyber , el “verdadero rostro” de Simón Bolívar, a partir de tomografías de su osamenta. Un vídeo muestra a la fiscal general Luisa Ortega Díaz, entonces parte de la cúpula chavista y hoy en el exilio, comentando emocionada, con presenciales gorro y bata quirúrgicos, la exhumación de los restos del Libertador ordenada por el Máximo Líder.
Un equipo de patólogos forenses, embutidos en trajes que evocan a los astronautas de 2001, Odisea en el espacio, de Stanley Kubrick, abren un sarcófago y manipulan tétricamente la osamenta de Bolívar, quien murió en 1830 y yacía en el Panteón Nacional desde 1876.
El propósito era verificar que los restos exhumados fuesen verdaderamente los de Bolívar y, de ser así, corroborar o invalidar la hipótesis de que el padre de la patria no murió tuberculoso, como me enseñaron en la escuela, sino que fue envenenado por un pérfido neogranadino infiltrado en su séquito.
El autor intelectual del magnicidio habría sido Francisco de Paula Santander, rival vitalicio de Bolívar y, según Nicolás Maduro, diabólica prefiguración de Juan Manuel Santos. O Iván Duque.
¿El pronóstico de Jorge Orlando Melo sobre el posconflicto colombiano? Mejor regálense este libro, amigos, y no corran al leerlo: disfrútenlo, subráyenlo.
@ibsenmartinez
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